我國自解嚴後開始推行本土語文教育至今已近二十年，在各界努力下，雖然我國本土語文教育已正式列為中小學課程之一，然而卻似乎未能降低閩南語、客語與原住民族語文的流失速度。運用政府文件分析、焦點團體座談、以及深度訪談等質性詮釋的研究方法，本研究希望釐清推行本土語文教育的基礎理念與我國推行本土語文教育各項結構性問題，藉由一方面探討支持本土語文教育理論對於理念之探究；同時檢視、理解、分析、與對照政府部門、學界、民間本土語文社團、以及中小學現場教師與行政人員對於語文教育的觀點、看法和經驗，本研究希望可以分析出本土語文教育理念、與實施過程中主要結構性問題，經由檢視分析理論與實際間的落差，提出對於我國發展推動本土語文教育政策的建議。

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　　It has been two decades since Taiwan’s government started launching native language education after the lifting of martial law in 1987. The two-decade effort has made the native language education became official curriculum in elementary and middle schools. Meanwhile, this effort does not really slow down the speed of Taiwan’s native language lost. Mind of this issue, the research employs methods of document analysis, focus group interviews, and in-depth interviews, to unveil and clarify the fundamental ideals and inherent structural challenges for promoting native language education at school level and other relevant educational dimensions. Eventually, the present research attempts to propose recommendations for further promoting native languages education.