本研究主要探討我國都會地區國民小學課後照顧班為弱勢群體學生所提供的課後照顧服務現況、困境及因應策略，並輔以探討都會地區不同類型國民小學對於弱勢群體學生所提供的課後照顧服務之差異情形。本研究採用的研究方法包括問卷調查、文件分析及訪談法。根據研究發現，我國都會地區國民小學課後照顧班普及度高，但對於弱勢群體學生的關照積極度尚待加強；再者，我國都會地區國民小學課後照顧班在提供弱勢群體學生課後照顧服務時，最主要面臨的問題為「課後照顧經費短絀」及「課後照顧服務人員數量及品質不足」等；此外，我國都會地區國民小學課後照顧班若與民間資源協力合作及持續辦理課後照顧在職進修課程，會有助提升弱勢群體學生課後照顧品質；另外，我國都會地區不同類型國民小學課後照顧班的辦理方式及對於弱勢群體學生所發揮的照顧功能有所差異。最後，根據相關研究發現，本研究提出可供課後照顧政策調整方向之參考建議。
摘要(英文)：Taking the disadvantaged students as the focus group, this study explored the status quo, problems and adaptive strategies of the the after-school care programs at elementary schools in urban areas in Taiwan, and compared the differences between different cities. The study adopted the methods of questionnaire, document analysis, and focus group interview to collect data. The results analysis revealed that: the penetration of after-school care at elementary schools in urban areas was high, but it still required improvement in disadvantaged student groups; main problems they faced when providing after-school care service were fund and manpower shortage and unqualified care teams; if this program cooperated with civil resources and continued to organize on-the-job training courses of after-school care, it could improve the quality of after-school care for the disadvantaged students; the differences were in the organization of the after-school care and the role it played for the disadvantaged students among different urban areas. Based on the conclusions, some suggestions are made for the related departments to adjust the policy direction of the after-school care for the disadvantaged students.