The history textbooks in Taiwan tended to be based on transmitting historical information. As the idea of the curriculum guideline changes into competence-based learning, it is necessary and important to explore the textbook design principles that respond to the history curriculum guideline. This research studies the ideas in the senior high school history curriculum guideline draft, using these as the criteria for analysis. Through the educational connoisseurship and criticism approach, this research analyzes the German-Franco joint history textbook and how it corresponds to the ideas in the curriculum guideline draft. Then, the case of the German-Franco joint history textbook is used to discuss how textbooks embody the quality of history competence learning. This study extracts the design principle of teaching materials in hope that understanding the relationship between textbooks and history learning can invoke more transformation potential of history textbook design.